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Vehicle History Dictionary
(Nigeria Edition)

Use alongside the official VIN report. This page does not alter any provider's report.

Last updated: 8/20/2025

Accident Record

US Definition

Police/insurer/body-shop accident entry.

NG Definition

Assess severity; focus on structure/SRS.

Walk away:MaybeRelated:Structural Damage, Airbag

What to Check

  • Rails
  • Aprons
  • Airbags

Typical Repairs (₦)

accident repairs
300,000-2,000,000

Airbag Deployed / Replacement

US Definition

Airbag(s) deployed or replaced.

NG Definition

Indicates crash; resistors sometimes used to cheat SRS.

Walk away:MaybeRelated:Accident Record, Structural Damage

What to Check

  • SRS light
  • Module scan
  • Physical inspection

Typical Repairs (₦)

srs
600,000-1,200,000

Auction Record (Copart/IAA)

US Definition

Vehicle sold via salvage/wholesale auction.

NG Definition

Normal for export; inspect grading/notes.

Walk away:NoRelated:Multiple Auction Sales

What to Check

  • Run & Drive
  • Engine Start
  • Seller type

Clean Title

US Definition

Title with no total-loss brand.

NG Definition

Fewer surprises; still inspect for hidden accident repairs.

Walk away:NoRelated:Accident Record, Title Brand (Generic)

What to Check

  • Paint mismatch
  • Panel gaps
  • OBD scan

Typical Repairs (₦)

bodywork minor
100,000-300,000

Emissions / Smog

US Definition

State emissions test history.

NG Definition

Hints at engine health even if not enforced.

Walk away:No

What to Check

  • Readiness monitors
  • CEL history

Export / Title Only

US Definition

Title for export or 'title only' transaction.

NG Definition

Standard for exports; confirm brand status.

Walk away:NoRelated:Lien / Loan Record

What to Check

  • Brand carry-over
  • Paperwork completeness

Fire Damage

US Definition

Exposed to fire/heat.

NG Definition

Brittle wiring and structural compromise.

Walk away:Yes

What to Check

  • Heat warping
  • Loom condition

Flood Damage

US Definition

Water intrusion or flood brand.

NG Definition

Persistent electrical/corrosion risks.

Walk away:YesRelated:Total Loss

What to Check

  • Carpet silt
  • Connector rust
  • Smell

Typical Repairs (₦)

harness modules
700,000-2,000,000

Frame / Unibody

US Definition

Primary load-bearing structure.

NG Definition

Compromise affects safety/tire wear.

Walk away:YesRelated:Structural Damage

What to Check

  • Jig/laser
  • Alignment report

Typical Repairs (₦)

structural
800,000-2,000,000

Hail Damage

US Definition

Cosmetic dents from hail.

NG Definition

Mostly appearance; mechanicals usually fine.

Walk away:No

What to Check

  • Roof/bonnet dents
  • Paint integrity

Typical Repairs (₦)

pdr repaint
150,000-600,000

Lemon / Manufacturer Buyback

US Definition

Repurchased for unresolved defects.

NG Definition

Chronic issues; parts scarce locally.

Walk away:YesRelated:Recall

What to Check

  • Repair history
  • Recurring fault codes

Typical Repairs (₦)

diagnostics
150,000-500,000

Lien / Loan Record

US Definition

Lender has a legal claim until paid.

NG Definition

Ensure lien release before export/title.

Walk away:MaybeRelated:Export / Title Only

What to Check

  • Release docs
  • Title verification

Multiple Auction Sales

US Definition

Listed/sold several times at auction.

NG Definition

Others passed; hidden issues likely.

Walk away:MaybeRelated:Auction Record (Copart/IAA)

What to Check

  • Photo history
  • Leaks
  • Damp

Odometer Exempt

US Definition

Mileage reporting not required (often older).

NG Definition

Assume higher use; inspect wear items.

Walk away:NoRelated:Odometer Rollback / Not Actual

What to Check

  • Pedals
  • Wheel
  • Seats

Odometer Rollback / Not Actual

US Definition

Mileage inconsistent/tampered.

NG Definition

Assume higher mileage; price accordingly.

Walk away:MaybeRelated:Odometer Exempt

What to Check

  • Wear vs odo
  • Service logs
  • ECU readouts

Ownership History

US Definition

Number/duration of owners and states.

NG Definition

Many owners in short time is a flag.

Walk away:MaybeRelated:Multiple Auction Sales

What to Check

  • Gaps
  • Quick flips

Rebuilt Title

US Definition

Former salvage repaired and inspected; road-legal.

NG Definition

Quality varies widely; verify structural and SRS integrity.

Walk away:MaybeRelated:Salvage Title, Structural Damage

What to Check

  • Jig measurements
  • SRS scan
  • Water ingress

Typical Repairs (₦)

rework
400,000-1,500,000

Recall (Open/Closed)

US Definition

Manufacturer safety/quality campaign.

NG Definition

Open recalls rarely serviced locally.

Walk away:No

What to Check

  • Severity
  • Parts availability

Salvage Title

US Definition

Insurer declared total loss; salvage brand applied.

NG Definition

Heavy prior damage; likely structural/electrical issues.

Walk away:YesRelated:Rebuilt Title, Total Loss, Structural Damage

What to Check

  • Frame alignment
  • Airbag presence
  • Corrosion

Typical Repairs (₦)

frame
800,000-2,500,000
airbags
600,000-1,200,000

Service / Maintenance Record

US Definition

Documented maintenance events.

NG Definition

Good sign; boosts confidence.

Walk away:No

What to Check

  • Intervals
  • Major services

Structural Damage

US Definition

Damage to frame/unibody recorded.

NG Definition

Safety and resale risk; alignment issues common.

Walk away:YesRelated:Frame / Unibody, Total Loss

What to Check

  • Pulling
  • Uneven tire wear
  • Jig report

Typical Repairs (₦)

frame work
800,000-2,000,000

Theft Record / Stolen Recovery

US Definition

Vehicle was stolen and/or recovered.

NG Definition

May have missing parts or damage.

Walk away:Case-by-caseRelated:Accident Record

What to Check

  • Locks
  • Modules
  • Wiring cuts

Typical Repairs (₦)

locks wiring
100,000-600,000

Title Brand (Generic)

US Definition

Any official title label (Salvage, Rebuilt, Flood, Lemon).

NG Definition

Brand strength guides risk and pricing.

Walk away:DependsRelated:Salvage Title, Rebuilt Title, Flood Damage, Lemon

What to Check

  • Exact text
  • State rules
  • Dates

Total Loss

US Definition

Repair cost exceeded insurer/state threshold.

NG Definition

High-severity incident; reliability risks later.

Walk away:YesRelated:Salvage Title, Structural Damage

What to Check

  • Structure
  • Suspension pickups
  • Module errors

Typical Repairs (₦)

major rebuild
1,500,000-3,500,000

Quick Nigerian Walk-Away Triggers

  • Flood brand plus corrosion at connectors
  • Salvage/Rebuilt with unresolved SRS faults
  • Structural damage with persistent pull/uneven tire wear
  • Not Actual Mileage and repeated auction flips
  • Fire damage beyond plastics

Typical Nigerian Repair Cost Bands (Guide)

bodywork minor100,000 - ₦300,000
panel replace paint300,000 - ₦800,000
frame structural800,000 - ₦2,000,000
airbag system600,000 - ₦1,200,000
wiring modules700,000 - ₦2,000,000
engine swap1,500,000 - ₦3,000,000
transmission800,000 - ₦2,200,000

Compliance & Disclaimer: Educational content by Tokunbo.io. Always review the official VIN report as the primary source of history.